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Most polish words are paroxytones (that is, the stress falls on the second-to-last syllable of a polysyllabic word), although there are exceptions. Neutralization occurs between voiced–voiceless consonant pairs in certain environments, at the end of words and in certain consonant clusters . For details, see Voicing and devoicing in the article on Polish phonology. Many Poles living in emigrant communities , whose families left Poland just after World War II, retain a number of minor features of Polish vocabulary as spoken in the first half of the 20th century that now sound archaic to contemporary visitors from Poland. The distinctive dialect of the Gorals (Góralski) occurs in the mountainous area bordering the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

In the northern and western regions where Poles from the territories annexed by the Soviet Union resettled after World War II, the older generation speaks a dialect of Polish characteristic of the Kresy that includes a longer pronunciation of vowels. The geographical distribution of the Polish language was greatly affected by the territorial changes of Poland immediately after World War II and Polish population transfers (1944–46). Poles settled in the "Recovered Territories" in the west and north, which had previously been mostly German-speaking.

Improve your vocabulary with English Vocabulary in Use from Cambridge. Of or relating to Poland, the Poles, their language, or their culture. Styles has taken his experimentation with gender nonconformity a step further with the launch of his beauty brand Pleasing, which features a nail polish line.

Of, relating to, or characteristic of Poland, its inhabitants, or their language. Colson Baker, better known as Machine Gun Kelly, just came out with his own nail polish line. The Jennifer's Body actress also showed her love for Kelly through nail accessories last month, when they were linked together by their pinky nails with a thin silver chain at the launch party for his own nail polish line, UN/DN LAQR.

There are numerous words in both Polish and Yiddish languages which are near-identical due to the large Jewish minority that once inhabited Poland. One example is the fishing rod, ווענטקע , borrowed directly from Polish wędka. Depending on the historical period, borrowing has proceeded from various languages. Notable influences have been Latin (10th–18th centuries), Czech (10th and 14th–15th centuries), Italian (16th–17th centuries), French (17th–19th centuries), German (13–15th and 18th–20th centuries), Hungarian (15th–16th centuries) and Turkish .

In July 2005, the tsca.bot bot program was instructed to upload statistics from official government pages about French, Polish, and Italian municipalities to the Polish Wikipedia. In a few months, the bot uploaded more than 40,000 articles. On October 13, 2009, the Polish Wikipedia received a "special recognition for social innovation" at the 2009 Jan Łukasiewicz Award ceremony, which recognises the most innovative Polish IT companies.

Kashubian, spoken in Pomerania west of Gdańsk on the Baltic Sea, is thought of either as a fifth Polish dialect or a distinct language, depending on the criteria used. However, it "lacks most of the linguistic and social determinants of language-hood". The modern literary language, written in the Roman alphabet, dates from the 16th century and was originally based on the dialects of the area around Poznań, in western Poland. The first written Polish consists of a list of names in the Papal Bull issued in 1136 by Pope Innocent II to the archbishop of Gniezno; the oldest recorded sentence is a gloss translating a quotation in a document from 1270. Extant manuscripts containing any appreciable amount of connected Polish text date back no earlier than the 14th century.

Many words were borrowed from the German language from the sizable German population in Polish cities during medieval times. German words found in the Polish language are often connected with trade, the building industry, civic rights and city life. Some words were assimilated verbatim, for example handel and dach ; others are pronounced similarly, but differ in writing Schnur—sznur .